Towards an integrated tourism model for Campania. Local tourism and the Cilento area. – The 2019 health emergency has produced severe impacts on the tourist economy. The first signs of a recovery in the sector came from short-range and short-term trips to uncrowded locations later defined as “proximity tourism”. In Campania, some of these small villages are distributed in the hinterland of geographical areas peripheral to the main relational circuits, such as the Cilento National Park district. This area has great attraction, as it is a short distance from the Salerno coast. Starting from this consideration, the contribution intends to focus attention on the current configuration and future prospects of the sea routes that connect the coastal capitals of Campania to the numerous coastal centers of Campania. Then, reflecting on the possible interactions between “proximity tourism” and “foreign tourism”, in development in the post-pandemic phase, the contribution pays attention to the phenomenon of the rediscovery of the attractiveness of smaller villages, to show how an intensification of maritime routes can contribute to sustainable tourism development, not only from a “proximity” perspective, but by intervening in the rebalancing of the regional tourist movement.

Climate change and eco-anxiety. Proximity tourism in Terminio Cervialto area. – Based on the presentation of the relationship between eco-anxiety and demand-side tourism behavior, the present research paper, first aims to carry out some critical considerations on the value (including future) of proximity tourism in the process of climate change mitigation. Empirical study – using a qualitative survey of a sample of residents in the Campania Region – will help to understand the determinants of travel destination choices and, in particular, the aspects that might determine a preference for proximity tourism.

Inland, trails and local tourism as a tool for local development: the case of Centola in Campania. – The municipality of Centola, in Campania, in his hinterland is rich in naturalistic resources, in particular linked to paths and slow routes, which are rather marginal when compared to the popularity of the coastal area. In the framework of a proximity tourism oriented to the rediscovery of less valued resources (paths, green ways, nature trails, etc.), this contribution, through a field survey and the aid of qualitative instruments, investigates the underestimated potential of some paths, located in the immediate surroundings of the most popular coastal attractions in the municipality of Centola. The work aims to understand how the potential of slow and proximity tourism can be seized for the valorisation of the areas investigated in view of new forms of local development

E-participation in River Contracts in the Campania Region. The Case of the Tusciano River experience. – The paper explores the contribution of Information Communication Technologies to local participation in River Contracts. These forms of agreement enable the adoption of a system of rules in which environmental sustainability criteria are implemented through effective solutions for the redevelopment of river basins. The prerequisite for the establishing of a River Contract is the involvement of all interested parties at the various levels of management. However, the widespread distribution of experiences in River Basin Districts and the application of innovation are not homogeneous in Italy. In particular, in the Campania Region both notable delay and poor participation have been evidenced. The analysis of the case of the Tusciano river continues to confirm a wide gap between the rhetoric of participation and effective operational practice.

The rediscovery of transhumance routes in the Matese area of Campania. Paths and economic chains. – The Matese mountain complex is part of the southern Apennines chain and currently divides the Campania and Molise regions. Inhabited since the pre-Roman age by Samnite people, throughout history it has represented a place of transit between the Campania plain and the Adriatic side. With the establishment and regulation of the Regi Trat-turi in the Aragonese era, part of the ancient walkways that crossed the Matese were used by the shepherds of the Campania side to connect with the main Pescasseroli-Candela sheep track that surrounds the mountain complex in the Molise part. Until the 18th century, sheep breeding and the production of woolen cloths represented among the most important items for the economy of the territories located on the Campania side of Matese. Centers such as Piedimonte d'Alife (today Piedimonte Matese), Cerreto Sannita, Cusano and Morcone based their economic well-being on these activities for a long time, so much so that they are considered among the most active centers of the ancient Kingdom. The purpose of this study is the rediscovery of this network of paths and of the ancient connected economic chains as a fundamental prerequisite for a development proposal for the area, which is currently experiencing a period of profound economic stagnation with consequent depopulation. The methodology used refers to the analysis of historical documentary and cartographic sources and the GIS will be used for the identification and tracing of these paths.

Beyond the metropolis. The employment trajectories of medium-sized cities in Lombardy, Lazio and Campania (2001-2019). – The importance of medium-sized cities for the cohesion of regional spaces and the promotion of more sustainable development models is often emphasised. However, their evolutionary trajectories are less investigated than those of the metropolises, considered the main hubs of innovation and the knowledge economy. This paper analyses the dynamics of jobs between 2001 and 2019 in a group of 175 medium-sized cities (20,000-200-000 inhabitants) located in Lombardy, Lazio and Campania. Significant differences in employment performance and sectoral specialisation profiles are found, concerning the different insertion of medium-sized cities in the settlement system (polarities and non-polarities of Local Labour Systems). Medium-sized cities have not always been as dynamic as metropolitan poles, which have grown stronger over the last two decades. Furthermore, greater difficulties emerge for cities with an economic base linked to the manufacturing industry, especially in Lombardy.

Are urban planning and public participation still necessary in Campania?

The Covid-19 pandemic within an inner area of Campania: peripherality, density and virus diffusion in the province of Avellino. – In Italy the Covid-19 emergency hit some of the territories crossed by the thickest commercial networks and the intense flows of human mobility
The paper aims to reason on the factors of territorial vulnerability that may have facilitated the spread of the virus, trying to formulate a first hypothesis about the low density settlement structure has protected the more peripheral communities of the inner areas. Starting from the epidemiological data in an inner province of Campania - that of Avellino - the analysis will try to give a first possible framework of the relationship between the degree of peripherality from the service poles, population density and virus diffusion.

The effects of the diffusion of Covid-19 on the production situation in Campania. – The effects of the Covid-19 epidemic in the Campania region, less relevant than in the central and northern regions in terms of number of infections and specific mortality per 1,000 inhabitants, however, had an impact which, measured on the basis of income production and occupation, they came already profiling at the conclusion of the lockdown imposed on the population and production activities, extremely serious. The purpose of this contribution is to assess, on the basis of the first surveys made available, and on the basis of the analysis of the state of the regional economy and of the employment levels measurable on values referring to 2019, to what extent the region will face the situation following the first epidemic phase. In particular, the initiatives (including economic ones) put in place or planned by the regional territorial institutions and by the measures on a national scale falling within the socalled decrees “cure Italy” and “relaunch”. Attention is paid to the tourism sector and related activities, in the awareness that today the greatest suffering is showing.

Regional development policies and spatial planning in Campania. Some reflections. – The article reconstructs just under half a century of studies, proposals and programs of the so-called policy of rebalancing, which is a set of policy decisions and actions, including successes and failures often, which marked the public intervention for development of the Campania‟s region in the establishment of the first regional government in 1971 until today. The first part is devoted to a comparison between the vision that the various planning documents give of regional planning regional and geographical reading of these same processes in their territorial dimension, proposing also part of the literature on the geography of urban development of the southern regions and, in particular, of Campania. The second part tries to give indications on the nature and causes of the regional gap and on which roads can be traveled to attempt, if not overcome, at least a reduction in the logic of policy of re-balancing.

Qualche considerazione su concentrazione spaziale e segregazione degli immigrati a Napoli. – Il contributo si propone di evidenziare – con riferimento alla distribuzione spaziale delle principali comunità straniere residenti e attraverso l'elaborazione di taluni indicatori di segregazione – la complessità di forme della polarizzazione sociale e della segregazione residenziale, e, più specificamente, la loro struttura ed organizzazione spaziale in un contesto urbano particolare quale quello napoletano. Importante polo di attrazione per gli immigrati, catalizzatore degli stranieri che decidono di stabilirsi in Campania, Napoli offre ampie possibilità di lavoro sommerso, assicura una rete di rapporti all'interno delle varie comunità, garantisce la presenza di centri di accoglienza e servizi. Qui, d'altra parte, proprio l'esistenza di un tessuto socioeconomico fortemente segnato dall'irregolarità e dall'informalità e, insieme, il richiamo delle reti comunitarie sembrano caratterizzare particolarmente le dinamiche di territorializzazione del fenomeno migratorio.

Scipione Breislak (1750-1826) was a Roman geologist and naturalist who studied the volcanic areas of central and southern Italy in the 1780s and 1790s. The Topografia fisica della Campania (1798) – written in Breislak’s stay in Naples where he worked as a teacher of Physics in the Military Academy of Nunziatella and was the Director of the factory alum of the Solfatara of Pozzuoli – shows the results of his investigations on the phenomena of the Vesuvius and the Phlegraean volcanic area. In this report Breislak explains his thoughts on the so called Grotta del Cane. These thoughts show us for the first time the directional concept of the Earth directional and his theory on volcanoes. By rejecting the hypothesis of iron sulphides, adopted few years before in the Essais mineralogiques sur la Solfatare de Pouzzole (1792), Breislak argues that the combustion of the petroleum is the cause of eruptions of Vesuvius. This assumption rules out the Huttonian idea of a correlation between the activities of volcanoes and the heat of the Earth.